Résumé: Peritonitis is the most frequent complication in end stage chronic renal failure patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).In this study, we retrospectively investigated all cases of proven peritonitis seen in CAPD consultation of Beni-Messous hospital, over four years (January 2000 : December 2003) in order to determine the most frequently species responsible for this infectious complication.A total of 128 peritonitis were diagnosed among 67 patients. Cultures were positive in 135 cases: one micro-organism was isolated 122 times and associated pathogens 6 times. The most frequent strains were Gram-positive cocci (43,7 %) with, at the first:rate, Staphylococcus aureus (29) and Staphylococcus epidermidis ; enterobacteria was responsible for 28,14 % of acute peritonitis : E. coli (15) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (13) were predominant.The other pathogens were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11), Acinetobacter (10), other Gram:negative bacilli (05) and Grampositive bacilli (02). Yeasts were isolated in 5,18 % of the cases. Susceptibility to antibiotics was studied through the disk diffusion method according to NCCLS guidelines. The results for 128 strains not redundant were as follows :: we have found 1 / 29 S. aureus with resistance to methicillin ;: for S. epidermidis : 7/25 were resistant to methicilline, 8/25 to gentamycin, 13/25 to cotrimoxazol and 4/25 to ofloxacin ; for the 15 strains of E. coli, 8 were resistant to ampicillin and amoxicillin, 6 to cotrimoxazol and three to fluoroquinolons ;: for the 13 strains of K. pneumoniae, 2 were ESBL producing, three were resistant to gentamycin and five to cotrimoxazol ;: among the 11 strains of P. aeruginosa, three were resistant to ceftazidim, two to gentamycin and 1 to imipenem.

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