Measurements of sulfur dioxide, ozone and ammonia concentrations in Asia, Africa, and South America using passive samplers
مقال من تأليف: Carmichael, Gregory R. ; Ferm, Martin ; Thongboonchoo, Narisara ; Woo, Jung-Hun ; Chan, L. Y. ; Murano, Kentaro ; Viet, Pham Hung ; Mossberg, Carl ; Bala, Rajasekhlar ; Boonjawat, Jariya ;
ملخص: Measurements of gaseous SO2, NH3, and O3 using IVL passive sampler technology were obtained during a pilot measurement program initiated as a key component of the newly established WMO/GAW Urban Research Meteorology and Environment (GURME) project. Monthly measurements were obtained at 50 stations in Asia, Africa, South America, and Europe. The median SO2 concentrations vary from a high of 13 ppb at Linan, China, to <0.03 ppb at four stations. At 30 of 50 regional stations, the observed median concentrations are <1 ppb. Median ammonia concentrations range from 20 ppb at Dhangadi, India, to <1 ppb at nine stations. At 27 of regional stations, the ambient ammonia levels exceed 1 ppb. The median ozone concentrations vary from a maximum of 45 ppb at Waliguan Mountain, China, to 8 ppb in Petit Saut, French Guiana. In general, the highest ozone values are found in the mid-latitudes, with the Northern hemisphere mid-latitude values exceeding the Southern hemisphere mid-latitude levels, and the lowest values are typically found in the tropical regions.
لغة:
إنجليزية