Résumé: Voting is a formal expression of opinion or choice, either positive or negative,made by an individual or a group of individuals. However, conventional voting systems tend to be centralized, which are known to suffer from security and efficiency limitations. Hence, there has been a trend of moving to decentralized voting systems, such as those based on blockchain. The latter is a decentralized digital ledger in a peer-to-peer network, where a copy of the append-only ledger of digitally signed and encrypted transactions is maintained by each participant. Therefore, in this article,we perform a comprehensive reviewof blockchain-based voting systems and classify them based on a number of features (e.g., the types of blockchain used, the consensus approaches used, and the scale of participants). By systematically analyzing and comparing the different blockchain-based voting systems, we also identify a number of limitations and research opportunities. Hopefully, this survey The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 61972294 and 61932016), the Special Project on Science and Technology Program of Hubei Provience (No. 2020AEA013), the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (No. 2020CFA052) and theWuhan Municipal Science and Technology Project (No. 2020010601012187). The work of K.-K. R. Choo was supported only by the Cloud Technology Endowed Professorship.

Langue: Anglais